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The History of Rome, Book IV

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2018
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64

III. XII. Falling Off of the Population

65

IV. II. Permanent Criminal Commissions

66

III. XI. Position of the Governors

67

III. IX. Death of Scipio

68

III. XI. Reform of the Centuries

69

III. VII. Gracchus

70

IV. I. War against Aristonicus

71

IV. I. Mancinus

72

II. III. Licinio-Sextian Laws

73

II. III. Its Influence in Legislation

74

IV. I. War against Aristonicus

75

II. III. Attempts at Counter-Revolution

76

This fact, hitherto only partially known from Cicero (De L. Agr. ii. 31. 82; comp. Liv. xlii. 2, 19), is now more fully established by the fragments of Licinianus, p. 4. The two accounts are to be combined to this effect, that Lentulus ejected the possessors in consideration of a compensatory sum fixed by him, but accomplished nothing with real landowners, as he was not entitled to dispossess them and they would not consent to sell.

77

II. II. Agrarian Law of Spurius Cassius

78

III. XI. Rise of A City Rabble

79

III. IX. Nullity of the Comitia

80

IV. I. War against Aristonicus

81

IV. II. Ideas of Reform

82

III. VI. The African Expedition of Scipio

83

To this occasion belongs his oration -contra legem iudiciariam- Ti. Gracchi—which we are to understand as referring not, as has been asserted, to a law as to the -indicia publica-, but to the supplementary law annexed to his agrarian rogation: -ut triumviri iudicarent-, qua publicus ager, qua privatus esset (Liv. Ep. lviii.; see IV. II. Tribunate of Gracchus above).

84

IV. II. Vote by Ballot

85

The restriction, that the continuance should only be allowable if there was a want of other qualified candidates (Appian, B. C. i. 21), was not difficult of evasion. The law itself seems not to have belonged to the older regulations (Staatsrecht, i. 473), but to have been introduced for the first time by the Gracchans.

86

Such are the words spoken on the announcement of his projects of law:—"If I were to speak to you and ask of you—seeing that I am of noble descent and have lost my brother on your account, and that there is now no survivor of the descendants of Publius Africanus and Tiberius Gracchus excepting only myself and a boy—to allow me to take rest for the present, in order that our stock may not be extirpated and that an offset of this family may still survive; you would perhaps readily grant me such a request."

87

IV. III. Democratic Agitation under Carbo and Flaccus

88

III. XII. Results. Competition of Transmarine Corn
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