English: Разговорная грамматика для реального общения. Книга 1

Are you a dentist? – Ты дантист?

Is he a dentist? – Он дантист?

Is she a dentist? – Она дантист?

Is it a dentist? – Это дантист?

Are we dentists? – Мы дантисты?

Are you dentists? – Вы дантисты?

Are they dentists? – Они дантисты?

Отрицательная форма (обратите внимание на сокращения в отрицательных предложениях, характерные для разговорной речи):

I am not a dentist. = I’mnot a dentist. – Я не дантист.

You are not a dentist. = You’renot a dentist. = You aren’t a dentist.

He is not a dentist. = He’snot a dentist. = He isn’t a dentist.

She is not a dentist. = She’snot a dentist. = She isn’t a dentist.

It is not a dentist. = It’s not a dentist. = It isn’t a dentist.

We are not dentists. = We’re not dentists. = We aren’t dentists.

You are not dentists. = You’re not dentists. = You aren’t dentists.

They are not dentists. = They’re not dentists. = They aren’t dentists.

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Упражнение 31

В следующих предложениях произведите сокращения, характерные для разговорной речи.

1. Tom is a student from England. 2. They are not hungry, but they are thirsty. 3. I am your new driver. 4. Jane is not at home now. She is in college. 5. It is a nice dress, Kate! 6. We are not businessmen, we are doctors. 7. Ann is American, but now she is in Britain. 8. It is their new apartment. 9. You are a great writer, Timothy! 10. They are in Singapore now. 11. It is not a living room, it is my study. 12. You are right, Mr. Bates. I am not a scientist (ученый). 13. Donald is not an engineer, he is an architect. 14. They are not Chinese, they are Korean. 15. Marianna is not from Spain, she is from Italy. 16. You are nice people, but you are terrible sportsmen, guys. 17. Jimmy is only six years old, but he is so smart! 18. It is a small world! 19. You are my boss, Mrs. White, and I am not your friend. 20. She is not from Chicago, she is from Seattle.

Упражнение 32*

Вставьте в предложения нужные формы глаголаto be, по возможности используя разговорные сокращения.

1. … Lucy Jim’s cousin? – No, she … not his cousin, she … his sister. – … she a schoolgirl? – No, Lucy … a student at college, she … a violinist (скрипачка). 2. … they happy in America? – Yes, they … quite (вполне) happy there. Ronaldo … a plumber (сантехник), Olga … a private piano teacher, and their children … college students. 3. Mom, … you busy? – Yes, I … busy with the pie. It … in the oven (духовка) already. 4. … Mike from England? – No, he … not from England, he … from Australia. – It … strange. His accent … so British! – It … because Mike … an Oxford University student. 5. Mary, … you a doctor like (как и) Nell? – Yes, but I … a surgeon (хирург), and Nell … a dentist. – Oh, I see. And your husband? … he a doctor, too? – No, Peter … not a doctor. He … a lawyer (юрист). 6. … your car red? – No, it … not red. My car … dark blue. 7. … it your new laptop (ноутбук)? – No, it … Jack’s. My laptop … in my bedroom. – … it expensive (дорогой)? – Yes, very! It … big and nice! 8. Kids, you … too noisy! Shut up, please! I … so tired! – We … not noisy, uncle Jim! We … just young and joyful (веселые). And you … old and gloomy (угрюмый). – You … so rude (грубые), guys! Off with you! 9. … those people tourists from Chile? – No, it … a group of businessmen from Spain. – … they from our hotel? – No, they … from the Ritz. 10. … Jane that fat, ugly (некрасивая) girl from your school? – No, she … not! Jane … the first beauty in school! She … slim (стройная) and charming (очаровательная). She … my date (зд.: девушка)!

Упражнение 33

Ответьте на вопросы по образцу, используя разговорные сокращения с глаголом to be. Для ответов используйте слова, указанные в скобках.

МОДЕЛЬ:

Is Susan a photo model? – (teacher) No, sheisn’taphotomodel, she’sateacher.

а) Are they from Boston? – (Portland)

б) Am I a bad student? – (brilliant)

в) Is it John’s house? – (Mike’s)

г) Is Jack at home? – (at school)

д) Is your sister a singer? – (dancer)

е) Are we still (все еще) rich, dad? – (poor)

ё) Is Michael your friend? – (colleague)

ж) Are you still ill? – (well)

з) Is Kate a housewife? – (journalist)

и) Is Centralia a big city? – (small)

й) Are you hungry, guys? – (thirsty)

к) Am I wrong? – (right)

л) Are they businessmen? – (doctors)

м) Is your granny still alive (жива)? – (dead)

н) Is it a theatre? – (museum)

о) Are your kids in the kitchen? – (bedroom)

п) Are you sick, dude? – (tired)

р) Is Juan Argentine? – (Spanish)

с) Is it a useful (полезный) thing? – (useless)

т) Are they old? – (young)

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Когда глагол to be выступает в предложении в роли смыслового глагола или глагола-связки, он выполняет следующие функции:

а) указывает на существование человека или предмета, на профессию человека, его национальность и семейное положение, а также на то, к какому виду / роду принадлежит предмет. В таких случаях после глагола to be (not) следует существительное – зачастую с неопределенным артиклем, если это имя нарицательное единственного числа. Артикль не употребляется перед существительными во множественном числе, именами собственными, а также если перед существительным стоит притяжательное местоимение (my, your и т.д.) или притяжательная конструкция (Jack’s, Kate’s и т.д.).