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Год написания книги
2018
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1. ...... I can say love when others say hate;
I can say every man when others say one man;
What can I do? I can give myself to life,
When other men refuse themselves to life.
2. ...... No one can be free till all are free.
3. ...... They could win their freedom if they would prepare themselves to be free.
4. ...... What can I do, being alone?
5. ...... If all men could catch the vision of freedom, wars would cease.
6. ...... Could you find a better way to spend your time than in study?
7. ...... Men would rise in revolt if they could know the facts.
MUST AND OUGHT
178.Must and ought imply obligation. Must conveys the idea of being obliged to do an action from necessity or compulsion, as,
You must have known it.
He must go.
Ought was originally the past time form of owe, hence means to be indebted to, to owe. It conveys the idea of a moral obligation, as,
You ought to help the cause.
You ought to understand.
179. Ought is always used with the infinitive, and the same form is used to express both the present and the past time. The difference in time is expressed by a change in the infinitive instead of a change in the form of the helping verb. With may and might and can and could, present and past time are expressed by a change in the form of the helping verb. With the helping verb ought, the difference in time is expressed in the infinitive. For example:
He ought to pay us our wages.
This means, He owes it to us to pay us our wages now.
He ought to have paid us our wages.
This means, He owed it to us to pay us our wages some time in the past.
180. The present infinitive is used with the helping verb ought to express present time and the perfect infinitive is used with ought to express past time.
Exercise 5
Study carefully the following sentences. Write in the blank space preceding each sentence the number of the paragraph in the lesson which governs the use of the helping verb must or ought in that sentence.
1. ...... Service must be the key note of the future.
2. ...... Competition must give place to co-operation.
3. ...... Ought we to fear, who know the truth?
4. ...... Government ought to be the administration of things.
5. ...... No man ought to have the power of life and death over any other human being.
6. ...... It may cost much but humanity must be set free at any cost.
7. ...... What ought to be the attitude of the workers toward war?
8. ...... "For man must work and woman must weep,
For there is little to do and many to keep."
9. ...... The day must come when we can live the dream.
DO AND DID
181.Do and did are used as helping verbs to give emphasis—to form emphatic verb phrases. Do is the present time form and did the past time form, as for example:
I do wish you would come.
I did hope he would win.
182. When we use the negative not we use the helping verbs do and did to form our verb phrases. For example, we do not say:
I obey not.
I walked not.
He comes not.
They arrived not.
But in expressing the present and past time forms with the negative not, we say instead:
I do not obey.
I did not walk.
He does not come.
They did not arrive.
183. We also use do and did with the present and past time forms of the verb in writing interrogative sentences. For example, we do not say:
Comes he with them?
Studied you yesterday?
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