Critical and Historical Essays. Volume 3
The consequence of his reasoning, 620-628.
Shrinks from the suggestion of persecution, 624.
Fails to meet the consequences of his theory, 635.
Considers difference of opinion unnatural, 641.
Claims that the succession of the Anglican church was not broken in the Reformation, 645.
Believes in unity in doctrine, 296.
Gleig, Rev. G. R., his Life of Warren Hastings reviewed, iii. 114.
Glover's Leonidas, compared with Fénelon's Telemachus, ii. 116.
Godfrey, Sir E., ii. 323.
Godolphin, Lord, becomes a Whig, ii. 176.
Comes into power with Anne, iii. 423.
Induces Addison to commemorate Blenheim, 426.
Dismissed, 449.
Goëzman, bribed by Beaumarchais, ii. 440, 441.
Goldsmith, Oliver, character, i. 713.
Pleasantry about Johnson, 740.
Goordas, Nuncomar's son, iii. 134.
Goree, conquest of, ii. 216.
Gorhambury, Bacon's country residence, ii. 421, 442.
Government, must be adapted to its body politic, i. 62.
Aims of, according to James Mill, 386.
His reasoning against aristocratic and monarchical, 387, 388.
Combinations of the simple forms of, considered, 395.
Folly of Mill's conclusion, 398.
Representative, 403.
Its weak points, 404.
Correctives for the evil tendencies of representative, 410.
Influence of the middle class on, 415.
Theory of, deduced from principles of human nature in only one way, 419.
Must be founded on experience, 421.
Absurdity of utilitarian principle of, 468.
Sensible view of monarchic, 472.
Of constitutional, 475.
Religion as the basis of, according to Southey, 520.
Grafton, Duke of, First Lord of the Treasury in Chatham's last ministry, iii. 669.
Condition of that ministry after Chatham's retirement, 678.
Granby, Marquis of, his character, ii. 728.
Grand Alliance against the Bourbons, ii. 152.
Grand Remonstrance, Debate on, ii. 43.
"Great Commoner," the designation of the elder Pitt, ii. 281.
Greatest Happiness Principle, i. 418.
Its uselessness, 452.
Restated and assailed, 483.
Not demonstrated in its later form by Mr. Bentham, 487.
Greece, review of Mr. Mitford's History of, i. 56-82.
Errors of the historians of, 57, 58.
Partly caused by their high estimation of later classic writers, 59.
Military history of, 152.
Progress of literature in, 204.
All education oral in, 242.
Absence of progress in political science in, 265.
Instances of the corruption of judges in the ancient commonwealths of, ii. 431.
Greek Drama, derived from the Ode, i. 95.
Greeks, their attitude toward women, i. 25. See Athenians.
Grenville, George, opposed to Pitt's war policy, iii. 613.
Heads Bute's ministry in the Commons, 619.
Supports Bute's excise bill, 634.
Insulted by Pitt, 635.
Becomes First Lord of the Treasury, 637.
His characteristics, 638.
Attacks Wilkes, 639, 642.
Conduct toward the king, 644.
His Stamp Act and Regency Bill, 647, 648.
His vehement opposition to the repeal of the former, 663.
Conciliation with Chatham, 680.
Death, 681.
Grey, Lady Jane, her high classical acquirements, ii. 368.
Guadaloupe, fall of, ii. 276.
Guicciardini, ii. 64.
Guise, Henry, Duke of, his conduct compared to that of Essex, ii. 389.
Gunpowder, inventor of, unknown, ii. 452.
Habeas Corpus Act, Lord Shaftesbury's connection with, ii. 570, 578.
Hale, Sir Matthew, integrity of, ii. 405.
Halifax, Charles Montague, Earl of, his attainments, iii. 409.
Draws Addison into politics, 411.
Addison's Epistle to, 421.
Loses power, 422.
Returns to the Council, 432.
Halifax, George Savile, Viscount, a trimmer; compared with Shaftesbury, ii. 573.
His political tracts, 575.
His oratorical powers, 575, 576.
The king's dislike of him, 576, 577.
Hallam, Henry, his History of England dry but accurate, i. 287.
His perfect fairness to all parties, 290.
Just condemnation of Cranmer, 298.
His view of Strafford's punishment, 312.
Of the Parliament of 1640, 316.
Condemns the Long Parliament, 336.
His estimate of Cromwell, 347.
Of Clarendon, 362.
Of William III.'s reign, 809.
Hamilton, Gerard, his celebrated speech, ii. 205.
Hammond, Henry, uncle of Sir William Temple, ii. 509.
Hampden, John, review of Lord Nugent's Memorials of, ii. 1.
His public and private character, 2, 3.
Baxter's testimony to his excellence, 4.
His origin and early history, 4,5.
Took his seat in the House of Commons in 1621, and joined the opposition to the court, 6.
His first appearance as a public man, 13.
His first stand for the fundamental principle of the Constitution, 16.
Committed to prison, 16.
Set at liberty and reëlected for Wendover, 17.
His retirement, 18.
His remembrance of his persecuted friends, 19.
His letters to Sir John Eliot, 19.
Clarendon's characterization of him as a debater, 19.
Letter from him to Sir John Eliot, 20.
His acquirements, 21.
Death of his wife, 22.
His resistance to the assessment for ship-money, 27.
Strafford's hatred of him, 29.
His intention to leave England, 29.
His return for Buckinghamshire in the fifth Parliament of Charles I., 31.
His motion on the subject of the king's message, 32.
His election by two constituencies to the Long Parliament, 36.
Character of his speaking, 37.
His opinion on the bill for the attainder of Strafford, 40.
Lord Clarendon's testimony to his moderation, 41.
His mission to Scotland, 41.
His conduct in the House of Commons on the passage of the Grand Remonstrance, 44.
His impeachment ordered by the king, 45-49.
Returns in triumph to the House, 50.
Raises a regiment in Buckinghamshire, 56.
Contrasted with Essex, 57, 58.
His encounter with Rupert at Chalgrove, 59.
His death and burial, 60.
Effect on his party, 61.
Hanover, Chatham's invective against the favor shown it by George II., ii. 254.
Harcourt, French ambassador to Spain, ii. 144, 145.
Harley, Robert, his accession to power, ii. 177.
Censured by Lord Mahon, 178.
Thrown into prison, 182.
Hastings, Warren, essay on, iii. 114-242.
Birth and ancestry, 115.
Education, 117.
Beginnings in India, 119.
Returns to England, 123.
Appointed to the Council at Madras, 124.
Meets Baroness Imhoff, 125.
Effects reforms at Madras, 126.
Dispenses with the double government at Bengal, 133.
His principle "Thou shalt want ere I want," 135.
His dealings with the Prince of Oude, 137.
Helps him conquer the Rohillas, 141.
His successful financial policy, 143.
Made Governor-General, 144.
Opposed by majority of the Council, 148.
Accused by Nuncomar, 150.
Supported by the English sentiment in Bengal, 151.
Motive in destroying Nuncomar, 157.
Opposition to, in England, 159.
Maclean presents his resignation, 160.
Repudiates the resignation and retains his position, 161.
Marries Baroness Imhoff, and is reappointed Governor-General, 163.
Plans to meet the Mahratta encroachments, 164.
Stops the legal excesses of Impey, 172.
Fights a duel with Francis, 174.
Sends Coote against Hyder Ali, 178.
Notes the advantage to the English of the double government in India, 181.
His demands on the Rajah of Benares, 182.
Visits Benares, 184.
Adds it to British dominions, 187.
Extorts money from the Begums of Oude, 191.
Condemned in England but supported by the Company, 194.
His extension of the Indian dominions, 195.
Internal administration in India reviewed, 196.
Ability in writing dispatches, 198.
His encouragement of literature, 199.
Loved by all classes, 200.
His offences, 201.
Returns to England, 203.
Insensible of his danger, 205.
Mistakes in his course of defence, 206.
Supported by the ministry, 207.
His opponents, 209.
His defence, 214.
Cleared on the charge relating to the Rohilla war, 215.
Deserted by the ministry on the charge respecting Cheyte Sing, 216.
Spoliation of the Begums charged by Sheridan, 220.
Scene at his trial, 223.
His counsel, 225.
Acquitted, 233.
Ruined financially, 235.
Aided by the East India Company, 236.
Later life at Daylesford, 238.
Tardy acknowledgment of his services, 240.
Death, 241.
Hastings, Mrs. Warren, her influence, iii. 203. See Imhoff, Baroness.
Hatton, Lady, marries Sir Edward Coke, ii. 385.
Hawke, Admiral, defeats French fleet under Conflans, ii. 277.
Hawkins, Sir John, interpolation of extracts from, in Boswell's Johnson, condemned, i. 707-710.
Henry VII., his reign the starting-point of modern English history, i. 371.
Henry VIII., his interest in the Reformation, i. 302.
Attempts to raise a forced loan, ii. 82.
His intermediate position between the Catholic and Protestant parties, 86.
Henry IV. of France, ii. 621.
Heresy, remarks on, ii. 622-634.
Herodotus, as an historian, his simplicity, i. 236.
Inaccuracy of, 237.
His work adapted to oral publication, 239.
His reality, 240.
Hesiod, his complaint of the corruption of the judges of Ascra, ii. 431.
Hesse Darmstadt, Prince of, commands the land forces sent against Gibraltar in 1704, ii. 158.
Accompanies Peterborough on his expedition. 161.
His death at the capture of Monjuich, 164.
High Commission, Court of, abolished, ii. 38.
Highgate, death of Lord Bacon at, ii. 443.
Hind and the Panther, The, i. 231.
Historians, their difficulties, i. 235.
The early, 236.
The modern, 264.
Their progress, 265.
Exclusive spirit of the Grecian, 266.
Dependence of the Latin on the Greek, 267.
Points of superiority of modern, 272.
Prejudiced, 273.
Their neglect of narrative history, 276.
Ideal, their characteristics, 280.
Historical reading, its effect, i. 279.
History, Johnson's view of, i. 243.
Chiefly a matter of perspective, 245.
Neglect of narrative, 276.
Only value of, 277.
Ideal form of, explained, 281.
A compound of poetry and philosophy, 285.
Difficulties of dividing them, 286.
Hobbes, Thomas, influence of, ii. 421.
Holland, governed with almost regal power by John de Witt, ii. 525.
Its apprehensions of the designs of France, 528.
Its defensive alliance with England and Sweden, 532.
Holland, first Lord. See Fox, Henry.
Holland, Henry Fox, third Lord, essay on, iii. 101-113.
Compared to his grandfather and uncle, 107.
Ability in debate, 109.
Liberality, 110.
His hospitality, 111.
Hollis, Denzil, imprisoned by Charles I., ii. 18.
Impeached, 45.
Holwell, Mr., his presence of mind in the Black Hole, ii. 704.
Cruelty of the Nabob to, 705.
Homer, Quintilian's criticisms on, i. 42.
Horace, compares poems to certain paintings, i. 49.
Hosein, son of Ali, festival in memory of, ii. 690.
Legend of his death, 691.
Hospitals, objects of, ii. 660.
Hume, David, an advocate rather than an historian, i. 273.
On the violence of parties before the Revolution, ii. 350.
Hungarians, their incursions into Lombardy, ii. 680.
Hungary, rises to support Maria Theresa, iii. 265.
Hunt. Leigh, his Comic Dramatists of the Restoration reviewed, iii. 47-100.
Too lenient toward their immorality, 51.
Huntington, William, ii. 750.
Hutchinson, Mrs., ii. 518.
Hyder Ali, character of, iii. 175.
Invades India, 176.
Driven back by Coote, 178.
Imhoff, Baron, meets Hastings, iii. 124.
Agrees to divorce his wife, 126.
Imhoff, Baroness, her attachment to Warren Hastings, iii. 125.
Marries him, 163.
See Hastings, Mrs. Warren.
Impey, Sir Elijah, a schoolmate of Hastings, iii. 118.
Sent to India as Chief Justice, 148.
Sentences Nuncomar, 153.
His conduct reprehensible, 156.
Attempts to enforce the English law in India, 168.
Bought off by Hastings, 172.
His conduct in the plundering of the Begums of Oude, 193.
Recalled to England, 194.
India, foundation of the British Empire in, ii. 277, 280.
Early conduct of the English in, iii. 122.
Their government in, 127.
Regulating act for, 144.
English law not suited to, 168.
Advantages to the conquerors of the double governments in, 181.
Induction, reasoning by, not invented by Bacon, ii. 475.
Utility of its analysis greatly overrated by Bacon, 476.
Example of its leading to absurdity, 479.
Ireland, rebellion in, in 1640, ii. 41.
Essex's administration in, 386, 387.
Its condition under Cromwell's government, 519-521.
Its state contrasted with that of Scotland, 639.
Its union with England compared with the Persian fable of King Zohak, 640.
Italian writers, criticisms on the principal, i. 1-39.
Dante, 1-22.
Petrarch, 23-39.
Italy, her condition after the fall of Rome, i. 144.
Freedom maintained during the Middle Ages, 145.
Magnitude of her commerce, 147.
Progress of learning in, 148.
Art attains its zenith in, under Lorenzo the Magnificent, 150.
Decline of martial vigor, 151.
Use of mercenary soldiers in, 154.
Peculiar system of fashionable morality produced in, 156.
Character of her statesmen, 160.
Corruption of her politics, 168.
Feeling in, against the League of Cambray, 171.
Effect of the Reformation in, iii. 15.
Italy, Narrative of Travels in, Addison's, iii. 430.
Jacobins, their origin, ii. 72.
As a party in the French convention, urge the execution of the king, iii. 516.
Supported by the Paris mob, 519.
Condemn Marie Antoinette, 528.
And the Girondists, 532.
Begin the Reign of Terror, 533.
Incapacity of their leaders, 537.
Attack on Robespierre's faction, 553.
End of their power, 556, 563.
James I., his folly and weakness, ii. 11.
Resembled Claudius Cæsar, 12.
Court paid to him by the English courtiers before the death of Elizabeth, 398.
His twofold character, 398.
His favorable reception of Bacon, 399.
His anxiety for the union of England and Scotland, 402.
His employment of Bacon in perverting the laws, 403.
His favors and attachment to Buckingham, 410, 411.
Absoluteness of his government, 417.
Summons Parliament, 422.
His political blunders, 422, 423.
His message to the Commons on the misconduct of Bacon, 425.
James II., death of, i. 151.
Acknowledgment by Louis XIV. of his son as his successor, 152.
The favorite of the High Church party, 328.
His misgovernment, 329.
His claims as a supporter of toleration, 329-332.
His conduct toward Lord Rochester, 332.
His union with Louis XIV., 333.
His confidential advisers, 334.
See York, Duke of.
Jardine, Mr., on the use of torture in England, ii. 408, note.
Jeffreys, Judge, cruelty of, ii. 329.
Jenyns, Soame, his Origin of Evil reviewed by Johnson, ii. 195.
Jesuit Order, its theory and practice regarding heretics, ii. 334.
Its spirit and methods, iii. 20.
Fall of, 41.
Jews, civil disabilities of, protested against, i. 641-655.
Christianity of the government no barrier to removing their disabilities, 642.
Political exclusion a form, not a fact, 644.
Their aloofness merely a result of persecution, 646.
Justice demands their fair treatment, 655.
Johnson, Dr. Samuel, his view of history, i. 243.
Croker's Boswell's Johnson reviewed, 691-742.
Disdain of a French lady's library, 693.
Observations on Gibbon, 697.
Sells the Vicar of Wakefield, 698.
Dates of his university degrees, 699.
Epigram of, censured, 701.
Greatness of Boswell's life of, 711.
Our intimate knowledge of, 716.
His arrival in London, 717.
Small hope of patronage, 720.
Early poverty and misery, 721.
Last of the Grub Street hacks, 724.
Kindness of, 725.
Disregard of small grievances, 726.
Mixture of credulity and skepticism, 727.
Sentiments on religion, 728.
On politics, 730.
Judgments on books, 731.
How formed, 732.
His opinion of certain works, 733.
Observation of men and manners, 734.
Remarks on society narrow, 735.
Contempt of foreigners, 736.
Of travel and history, 738.
Mannerisms, 739.
His singular destiny, 742.
Friend of Dr. Burney, iii. 337.
Fondness for Fanny Burney, 351.
Jones, Sir William, his distichs on a lawyer's division of time, i. 704.
Jonson, Ben, on Bacon's eloquence, ii. 378.
Verses on the celebration of Bacon's sixtieth year, 421.
Tribute to Bacon, 442.
Junius, probably Philip Francis, iii. 145.
Juvenal, Johnson's aspersions on, i. 700.
Keith, George, Earl Marischal of Scotland, at the court of Frederic the Great, iii. 279.
Killed at Hochkirchen, 319.
Kimbolton, Lord, impeached, ii. 45.
King's Friends, a party under George III., iii. 659.
Kniperdoling and Robespierre, analogy between their followers, ii. 72.
Knowledge, advancement of society in, ii. 178, 301.
Labor, division of, ii. 606.
Labourdonnais, his talents, ii. 677.
His treatment by the French government, 757.
Lacedæmon, causes of the silent but rapid downfall of, i. 54, note.
La Fontaine, his character, i. 713.
Lalla Rookh, similes in, ii. 489.
Lally, Governor, ii. 758.
Lamb, Charles, defends the dramatists of the Restoration, iii. 53.
Las Torres, Count of, ii. 164, 165.
Latimer, Hugh, his popularity in London, ii. 433, 438.
Latin tongue in Dante's time, i. 1.
Laud, Archbishop, his errors, i. 336.
Not a traitor, 337.
His character, ii. 23.
His diary, 24.
His impeachment and imprisonment, 37.
His rigor against the Puritans, and tenderness towards the Catholics, 41.
Laudohn, an Austrian general, beats Frederic at Hochkirchen, iii. 319.
At Kunersdorf, 322.
Defeated at Lignitz but takes Schweidnitz, 325.
Lawrence, Major, his early notice of Clive, ii. 678.
Legerdemain, ii. 372.
Legge, Right Hon. H. B., ii. 264.
His dismissal, 265.
His return to the Exchequer, 268.
Legislation, comparative views on, by Plato and by Bacon, ii. 463.
Lennox, Charlotte, ii. 518.
Letters of Phalaris, ii. 592-596.
Liberty, its excesses, the reaction from tyranny, i. 119.
Cause of, espoused by Puritans, 132.
Maintained in the Italian towns of the Middle Ages, 145.
Its character in small states, 252.
Lingard, Doctor, his account of the treatment of Lord Rochester by James II., ii. 332.
His ability as an historian, 533.
His strictures on the Triple Alliance, 533.
Literature, rise of, in Italy, i. 148.
General consideration of the progress of, 190 et seq.
What epochs favorable to masterpieces, 190.
Influence of the critical faculty, 192.
Effect of technical skill, 198.
Rise of good imitative literature, 203.
Theories of, confirmed by history, 204.
Literature, English, its quibbling character during James I.'s reign, i. 205.
Patronage of, 547.
Superseded by a system of puffs, 549.
Revival of, 591.
Encouragement of, by court favor, 718.
Patronage discontinued by Walpole, 719.
Livy, as an historian, graceful but untruthful, i. 258.
Locke, John, Sadler not comparable to, i. 657.
Lollards, iii. 13.
London, in the 17th century, ii. 47.
Devoted to the national cause, 48.
Its public spirit, 77, 78.
Its prosperity during the ministry of Lord Chatham, 279.
Conduct of, at the Restoration, 316.
Effects of the Great Plague upon, 525.
Longinus, criticism of his work on the Sublime, i. 42.
Louis XIV., his character and person, ii. 113-115.
His conduct in respect to the Spanish succession, 140, 141, 149.
His acknowledgment of James II.'s son as King of England, and its consequences, 152.
Sends an army into Spain to the assistance of his grandson, 158.
His proceedings in support of his grandson, Philip, 158-175.
His reverses in Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands, 175.
His policy, 333.
Character of his government, 334, 335.
His military exploits, 501, 502.
His projects and affected moderation, 528.
His ill-humor at the Triple Alliance, 533.
His conquest of Franche Comté 534.
His treaty with Charles, 543.
Louis XV., his government, ii. 757, 758.
Louis XVIII., restoration of, compared with that of Charles II., ii. 311.
Louisburg, fall of, ii. 276.
Love, honorable and chivalrous, unknown to the Greeks, i. 25.
As delineated by the Roman poets, 25.
What the word implies in its modern sense, 26.
Change in the nature of the passion in the Middle Ages, 27.
Love for Love, Congreve's, iii. 83.
Loyola, Ignatius, his life and character, iii. 18.
Founds the Jesuit Order, 20.
Luther, Martin, opposes the ancient philosophy, ii. 454.
Lysias, speech of, for the Athenian tribunals, ii. 601.
Macflecnoe, Dryden's, i. 233.
Machiavelli, his name generally odious, i. 140.
Theories with regard to his Prince, 141.
His composite character, 143.
Better than his contemporaries, 163.
His genius as a dramatist, 163.
His dramas, 165-168.
Fiction and political correspondence, 168.
Dexterity as a diplomat, 169.
Patriotism, 171.
Efforts in behalf of military reform, 173.
His Art of War, 175.
The Prince and Discourses on Livy considered, 176.
Errors in, excusable, 178.
Compared to Montesquieu, 180.
His historical works, 183.
Mackintosh, Sir James, review of his History of the
Revolution in England, ii. 283-356.
Comparison with Fox's History of James II., 284.
Character of his oratory, 285.
His conversational powers, 289.
His qualities as an historian, 290.
His vindication from the imputations of the editor, 293, 299-305.
Change in his opinions produced by the French Revolution, 294.
His moderation, 298-300.
His historical justice, 306.
Maclean, Colonel, Hastings's agent in London, receives his resignation, iii. 152.
Presents it, 160.
Madras, description of, ii. 674.
Its capitulation to the French, 677.
Restored to the English, 678.
Madrid, capture of, by the English army in 1705, ii. 166, 167.
Mahommed Reza Khan, candidate for minister of Bengal, iii. 129.
Appointed by Clive, 131.
Removed by order of the Court of Directors, 132.
Acquitted, 135.
Mahon, Lord, review of his History of the War of the Succession in Spain, ii. 128-186.
His qualities as an historian, 128-130.
His explanation of the financial condition of Spain, 136, 137.
His opinions on the Partition Treaty, 141-143.
His representations of Cardinal Portocarrero, 154.
His opinion of the peace at the conclusion of the War of the Spanish Succession, 177.
His censure of Harley, 178.
His view of the resemblance of the Tories of 1832 to the Whigs of the Revolution, 178-181.
Mahrattas, danger to India from, iii. 164.
Malaga, naval battle near, in 1704, ii. 159.
Malcolm, Sir John, review of his Life of Lord Clive, ii. 670-762.
Value of his work, 671.
His partiality for Clive, 708.
His defence of Clive's conduct towards Omichund, 717.
Malthus, Thomas, his law of population attacked by Sadler, i. 610, 659.
Use of arithmetical terms objected to, 616.
His opinion as regards the United States, 636.
Mandragola, The, i. 163. Its plot, 165.
Mansfield, Murray, Lord, his character and talents, ii. 258.
His rejection of the overtures of Newcastle, 267.
His elevation, 267.
Maria Theresa, her accession, iii. 257.