Critical and Historical Essays. Volume 3
Dies, 163.
Clement VII., Pope, i. 184.
Clifford, Lord, his character, ii. 538, 539.
His retirement, 545.
His talent for debate, 561.
Clive, Lord, review of Sir John Malcolm's Life of, ii. 670-762.
His family and boyhood, 672, 673.
His shipment to India, 673.
His arrival at Madras, and position there, 675.
Obtains an ensign's commission in the Company's service, 678.
His attack, capture, and defence of Arcot, 688-692.
His subsequent proceedings, 693-696.
His marriage and return to England, 696.
His reception, 697.
Elected to Parliament, 698.
Returns to India, 700.
His subsequent proceedings, 700, 706-708.
His conduct towards Omichund, 709-719.
His transactions with Meer Jaffier, 711-713, 715, 716, 723.
His pecuniary acquisitions, 720.
Appointed Governor of the Company's possessions in Bengal, 723.
His dispersion of Shah Alum's army, 725.
Responsibility of his position, 727.
His return to England, 728.
His reception, 728.
His proceedings at the India House, 731, 732, 736.
Nominated Governor of the British possessions in Bengal, 736.
His arrival at Calcutta, 737.
Suppresses a conspiracy, 741, 742.
Success of his foreign policy, 742.
His return to England, 745.
His unpopularity and its causes, 745-750.
His speech in his defence, and its consequence, 753, 757.
Invested with the Grand Cross of the Bath, 756.
His life in retirement, 758.
Failing of his mind, and death by his own hand, 758-760.
Reflections on his career, 760.
Notices Warren Hastings, iii. 120.
Clodius, bribery at the trial of, ii. 432.
Cobham, Lord, his malignity toward Essex, ii. 397.
Coke, Sir E., his conduct towards Bacon, ii. 376, 418.
His opposition to Bacon in Peacham's case, 404, 405.
His experience in conducting state prosecutions, 406.
His removal from the Bench, 418.
His reconciliation with Buckingham, and agreement to marry his daughter to Buckingham's brother, 419.
His reconciliation with Bacon, 420.
His behavior to Bacon at his trial, 437.
Coleridge, S. T., Byron's attitude towards, i. 594.
Collier, Jeremy, character, iii. 85.
Outlawed for absolving traitors, 87.
Attacks the immorality of the stage, 88.
Replies to Congreve, 93.
Colloquies on Society, Southey's, reviewed, i. 496-545.
Plan of, 505.
Absurdity of, 507.
Comic Dramatists of the Restoration, Leigh Hunt's, iii. 47-100.
Comines, Philip de, testimony to the good government of England, ii. 7.
Commons, House of, commencement of the practice of buying of votes in, ii. 209.
Corruption in, not necessary to the Tudors, 209.
Increase of its influence after the Revolution, 210.
How kept in order, 211.
Increased in power by the Revolution, 348.
Comus, modelled on the Italian Masque, i. 97.
Condé, Marshal, compared with Clive, ii. 761.
Conflans, Admiral, defeated by Hawke, ii. 277.
Congreve, William, birth and education, iii. 80.
His literary work, 81-84.
Attempts to answer Jeremy Collier, 91.
Produces The Way of the World, 94.
Political impartiality, 95.
Place among literary men, 96.
Friendship with the Duchess of Marlborough, 98.
Death, 99.
Compared to Wycherley, 100.
Constitutional government, in England and on the Continent, i. 323.
Conversion of, into despotism, on the Continent, 326.
Dangers to, in England, 327.
Cooke, Sir Anthony, his learning, ii. 368.
Coote, Sir Eyre, sent to India, iii. 166.
His military reputation, 167.
Correctness, as a canon in art, i. 581.
Folly of, 587.
Council of York, abolished, ii. 38.
Country Wife, Wycherley's, iii. 70, 77.
Courtenay, Rt. Hon. T. P., review of his Memoirs of Sir William Temple, ii. 498-599.
His concessions to Dr. Lingard in regard to the Triple Alliance, 533.
His opinion of Temple's proposed council, 554, 556.
His error as to Temple's residence, 585 note.
Covenant, the Scotch, ii. 30.
Covenanters, the Scotch, their treaty with Charles I., ii. 30, 31.
Cowley, Abraham, his wit, ii. 204.
Admired Bacon, 495.
Cowper, William, forerunner of literary revival in England, i. 591.
Schoolmate of Warren Hastings, iii. 117.
Coxe, Archdeacon, eulogizes Sir R. Walpole, ii. 214.
Craggs, Secretary, ii. 238, 261.
Cranmer, Archbishop, his time-serving character, i. 299.
Crébillon, the younger, ii. 198.
Crisp, Samuel, iii. 340.
His dramatic aspirations, 343.
Failure and retirement, 345.
Criticism, cannot exist in perfection with the creative faculty, i. 190.
Effect on critical poetry, 202.
Croker, John Wilson, his edition of Boswell's Johnson reviewed, i. 691-742.
Misstatements in the notes, 691.
Classical errors, 700.
Want of perspicacity, 704.
Triviality of his comments, 705.
His style, 706.
Omissions, 707.
Additions, 708.
Cromwell, Henry, ii. 512.
Cromwell, Oliver, wisdom of his government, i. 124.
His great opportunity, 345.
Compared with Napoleon, 347.
His service to justice, 348.
His army, 348.
His administration, 349.
His foreign policy, 351.
Weakness of his son, 352.
Compared with Charles II., 353.
His qualities, ii. 29, 61.
His administration, 313, 319.
His abilities displayed in Ireland, 519-521.
Crown, the, ii. 75.
Curtailment of its prerogatives, 210, 211.
Its power predominant at the beginning of the 17th century, 557.
Decline of its power during the Pensionary Parliament, 560.
Its long contest with the Parliament put an end to by the Revolution, 566.
See Prerogative.
Culpeper, Mr., a leader of the Constitutional Royalists, ii. 43.
Cumberland, Duke of, single victory of, ii. 729.
Hated by Scots, iii. 628.
Opposes the French treaty, 630.
His character, 649.
Tries to induce Pitt to succeed Grenville, 650.
Advises a Whig ministry without Pitt, 653.
Death, 656.
D'Adda, quoted, ii. 333.
Danby, Earl of, ii. 210.
His connection with Sir William Temple, 547.
Unjust charges against, 551.
Impeached and sent to the Tower, 553.
Owed his dukedom to his talent in debate, 561.
Dante, criticism on, i. 1.
His first adventure in the popular tongue, 2.
Influences of the times in which he lived upon his works, 3, 4.
His love of Beatrice, 11.
His despair of happiness on earth, 12.
Close connection between his intellectual and moral character, 12.
Compared with Milton, 13, 99-101.
His metaphors and comparisons, 15, 16.
Little impression made by the forms of the external world upon him, 16, 19.
Fascination revolting and nauseous images had for his mind, 18.
His use of ancient mythology in his poems, 19.
His idolatry of Virgil, 20.
Excellence of his style, 20, 21.
Remarks upon the translations of the Divine Comedy, 21, 22.
His use of the supernatural, 105.
His character as expressed in his poetry, 107.
His veneration for lesser writers, 194.
D'Arblay, M., a French refugee, marries Fanny Burney, iii. 378.
D'Arblay, Madame, Diary and Letters reviewed, iii. 331-395.
Family, 333.
Education, 335.
Shyness, 339.
Writes Evelina, 347.
Its success, 349.
Johnson's affection for, 351.
Writes a poor play, 353.
Publishes Cecilia, 354.
Loss of friends, 355.
Meets the king, 357.
Invited to be a keeper of the Queen's robes, 358.
Drawbacks to the position, 359.
Accepts it, 361.
Slavery of the service, 362.
Visits Oxford, 364.
Attends the trial of Warren Hastings, 366.
Her prejudice against his accusers, 367.
Feeling on the king's illness, 369.
Respect for the queen, 371.
Leaves the court on account of ill-health, 375.
Recovers, 377.
Marries, 378.
Lives in Paris, 379.
Her character-drawing, 385.
Her style, 387.
Quotations to illustrate the changes in her style, 390-392.
Her real service to English literature, 394.
D'Argens, Marquess, iii. 280.
Daun, an Austrian general, defeats Frederic the Great at Kolin, iii. 306.
At Hochkirchen, 319.
Driven from before Dresden, 320.
Defeated at Buckersdorf, 327.
David, M., editor of Barère's Mémoires, iii. 487.
Davila, one of Hampden's favorite authors, ii. 22.
De Augmentis Scientiarum, Bacon's, ii. 402, 443.
Declaration of Right, ii. 341.
Defensio Populi, i. 85.
Delhi, splendor of, ii. 679.
Democracy, the ideal government, i. 62.
Requires an educated constituency, 63.
Reaction induced by the violence of its advocates, ii. 72.
Democritus, reputed inventor of the arch, ii. 365.
Bacon's estimate of, 448.
Demosthenes, transcribes Thucydides six times, i. 47.
Falsely described by Mitford, 73.
Denham, Sir John, satire on Hampden, ii. 58.
Despotism, Mill's condemnation of, i. 388.
The Westminster Reviewer's defence of Mill's position on, 426.
Devonshire, Duke of, forms an administration after the resignation of Newcastle, ii. 268.
Lord Chamberlain under Bute, iii. 623.
Opposes the treaty with France, 630.
Dionysius, his critical ability, i. 41.
Confines himself strictly to things Grecian, 267.
Diplomacy, requirements of, in the Italian service, i. 169.
Discourses on Livy, Machiavelli's, i. 176.
Dissenters, exclusion of, from civil offices, ii. 624.
Divine Comedy, Dante's, its reality, i. 12.
Translations of, 21, 22.
Literalness of the descriptions, 99.
Comparable to Gulliver's Travels, 101.
Character of the spirits in, 105.
Division of labor, necessity of, ii. 606.
Donne, John, his wit compared with Horace Walpole's, ii. 204.
Dorset, Lord, his poetical ability, i. 212.
Double Dealer, Congreve's, iii. 82.
Dover, Lord, review of his edition of Horace Walpole's Letters to Sir Horace Mann, ii. 181-231.
Drama, real object of, i. 163.
Delightful character of the old English, 207.
Unnaturalness of the French, 207.
Affected by the closing of the theatres, 209.
Rhyme introduced into, 212.
Folly of the preservation of the unities, 583.
Immorality of the English, at the Restoration, iii. 48.
"Drunken Administration, The," ii. 225.
Dryden, John, essay on, i. 187-234.
His rank among poets, 187.
Affected by circumstances, 187.
Greatest of the critical poets, 214.
His Annus Mirabilis, 215.
His plays, 217.
Unnaturalness of his characters, 220.
Tendency to rant, 222.
The improvement of his work in later life, 225.
Founds the critical school of poetry, 227.
His power of reasoning in verse, 228.
His use of the flattery of dedication, 229.
His characteristics, 230.
Satirical works, 231.
A connecting link between two literary periods, 597.
Admits the justice of Jeremy Collier's attack, iii. 91.
Dumont, M., review of his Souvenirs sur Mirabeau, ii. 95-127.
Services rendered by him to society, 96.
The interpreter of Bentham, 96-98.
His view of the French Revolution, 98-103, 294.
His opinion that Burke's work on the Revolution had saved Europe, 101, 294.
His efforts to instruct the French in political knowledge, 103.
His pen-portrait of Mirabeau, 125.
His revelation of his own character, 127.
Dundas, Henry, investigates Indian affairs, iii. 194.
Sides with Hastings, 208.
Defends him on the first charge, 215.
Follows Pitt on the second, 219.
Dupleix, governor of Pondicherry, his gigantic schemes for establishing French influence in India, ii. 677, 683, 685, 693, 695, 700.
His death, 700, 758.
East India Company, the, its absolute authority in India, ii. 277.
Its condition when Clive first went to India, 674, 675.
Its war with the French East India Company, 677.
Increase of its power, 693.
Its factories in Bengal, 702.
Fortunes made by its servants in Bengal, 733, 734.
Ecclesiastical Commission, the, of Queen Elizabeth's time, ii. 76.
Ecclesiastics, fondness of the old dramatists for the character of, ii. 88.
Education, in England in the 16th century, ii. 373.
Duty of the government in promoting it, 661.
Egerton, brings charge of corruption against Bacon, ii. 425.
Bacon's decision against him, after receiving his present, 440.
Egotism in conversation and literature considered, i. 23, 24.
Elephants, use of, in war in India, ii. 691.
Eliot, Sir John, ii. 18-20.
His Treatise on Government, 21.
A martyr to liberty, 22.
Elizabeth, Queen, her unjustifiable persecution of non-conformists, i. 291.
Her use of the church to increase her power, 303.
Condition of the working classes in her reign, 534.
Her rapid advancement of Cecil, ii. 69, 70.
Character of her government, 76, 77, 80, 90.
A persecutor, though herself indifferent, 89, 90.
Her early notice of Lord Bacon, 372.
Her favor toward Essex, 379.
Factions at the close of her reign, 380, 381, 398.
Her pride and temper, 387, 398.
Her death, 398.
Elphinstone, Lord, ii. 761.
England, under Elizabeth, i. 291.
Reformation in, a political move, 297.
Under Henry VIII., 302.
In 1640, 306.
Under Charles I., 317.
Change of feeling in, after the attempt on the Five Members, 319.
Representative government in, preserved, 327.
Disgraceful condition of, under Charles II., 354.
Decay of statesmanship, 355.
Corruption of the bar, 360.
National feeling displaced by party loyalty, 364.
Fortunate that the Revolution was effected by men of small calibre, 367.
Perfidy of William III.'s statesmen, 368.
Review of constitutional history of, from Henry VII., 371.
Condition of the common people in, at various periods, 534.
Prophecy of its future prosperity, 543.
Her periodic fits of morality, 573.
Theories deduced from her population, 617 et seq.
Fecundity of the nobility, 632.
Disability of Jews in, 646.
Her physical and moral condition in the 15th century, ii. 7.
Never so rich and powerful as since the loss of her American colonies, 135.
Her conduct in reference to the Spanish succession, 152, 153.
Successive steps of her progress, 307-310.
Influence of her Revolution on the human race, 309, 344.
Her situation at the Restoration compared with that of France at the restoration of the Bourbons, 311, 312.
Her situation in 1678, 317, 319-327.
Character of her public men in the latter part of the 17th century, 507.
Difference in her situation under Charles II. and under the Protectorate, 525.
Restoration immorality the reaction from Puritanism, iii. 58.
Diminished prestige of, in 1785, 195.
Upholds Prussia against all Europe, 302.
Subsidies paid, 318.
Withdraws her aid from Prussia, 326.
State of parties in, 592.
Factions sink into repose, 595.
Corruption in the House of Commons, 609.
Terminates her continental alliances, 623.
War with America, 682.
England, Constitution of, how preserved, i. 322 et seq.
Development of, from Henry VII.'s reign, 371.
Recent attacks on, 375.
Proposed reform of, 380.
A standing refutation of James Mill's reasoning, 399.
English, the, in the 16th century, a free people, ii. 78.
Their character, 319, 320.
English Common Law, not suited to India, iii. 168.
Epicureans, their peculiar doctrines, ii. 452.
Epicurus, the lines on his pedestal, ii. 452.
Erasmus, quoted, ii. 286.
Ercilla, Alonzo de, soldier as well as poet, ii. 133.
Essay on Government, James Mill's, review of, i. 381-422.
Essex, Robert Devereux, Earl of, ii. 93.
His character, popularity, and favor with Elizabeth, 379, 380, 382, 389.
His political conduct, 382.
His friendship for Bacon, 383, 385, 412.
His conversation with Robert Cecil, 382, 383.
His expedition to Spain, 384.
Pleads for Bacon's marriage with Lady Hatton, 385.
Decline of his fortunes, 385.
His faults, 387, 410, 411.
His administration in Ireland, 386.
Ingratitude of Bacon towards him, 386-396, 412.
His trial and execution, 388, 389.
Feeling of King James towards him, 399.
His resemblance to Buckingham, 410, 411.
Essex, Earl of (time of Charles I.), ii. 56-59.
Euripides, how regarded by Quintilian, i. 42.
Europe, state of, at the Peace of Utrecht, ii. 182.
Want of union in, to arrest the designs of Louis XIV., 528.
The distractions of, suspended by the Treaty of Nimeguen, 550.
Evelina, Fanny Burney's, iii. 347.
Johnson's admiration for, 351.
Evelyn, John, ii. 524, 539.
Ex post facto punishments considered, i. 312.
Falkland, Lucius Cary, Viscount, deceived by Charles, i. 320.
A friend of liberty, 329.
At the head of the Constitutional Royalists, ii. 43.
Family Compact, the, between France and Spain, ii. 183.
Fénelon, standard of morality in his Telemachus, ii. 115-117.
The book not immoral, iii. 54.
Ferdinand VII., resemblance between him and Charles I. of England, ii. 55.
Feudal nobles, unimportant in Italy, i. 146.
Fielding, Henry, his description of Partridge at the play, quoted, i. 196.
Finch, Lord Keeper, a humble tool of Charles I., ii. 26.
His impeachment and flight to Holland, 37.
Fine arts, the, their decline in England after the civil war, ii. 199.
Government should promote them, 660.
Florence, its commercial preëminence, i. 148.
Its superiority of learning, 151.
Military reform in, 173.
Return of the Medici to, 174.
Machiavelli's History of, 184.
Last struggle for liberty of, 185.
Foote, Charles, his stage character of an Anglo-Indian grandee, ii. 747
Forde, Colonel, ii. 724, 727.
Fox, Henry (afterwards Lord Holland), his personality, ii. 258.
Accepts office, 264.
Relations with Newcastle, 261-267.
Directed to form an administration in concert with Chatham, 268.
Early history and career, iii. 104.
Made paymaster by Chatham, 601.
Continued by Bute, 623.
Employed by Bute to carry the Commons, 628.
Methods used, 631.
Made a peer, 637.
Fox, Charles James, son of the above, his success as a debater, ii. 249.
Comparison of his History of James II. with Mackintosh's History of the Revolution, 284.
His style, 285, 286.
Characteristic of his oratory, 287.
Championship of arbitrary measures and defiance of public opinion, iii. 106.
Change in his attitude after his father's death, 107.
Brings forward the Benares charge against Hastings, 216.
Speaks on the course of proceedings, 228.
France, from Louis XIV. to the Revolution, ii. 118-122.
Condition in 1712 and 1832, 180.
At the restoration of Louis XVIII., 311.
Austerity in, under Louis XIV., produces the immorality of the regency, iii. 59.
Turns to Prussia for help against England, 267.
Drawn into the combination against Frederic the Great, 295.
Makes peace, 328.
Assemblies in, in 1791, 505.
Constitution of 1791 fails, 503.
Cause of its failure, 509.
Convention of 1792, 510.
Justice of the abolition of the monarchy, 511.
Execution of the king, 516.
Reign of Terror in, 533.
End of the Terror, 559.
Under Constitution of 1795, 565.
Under the Consulate, 568.
Return of the Bourbons to, 581.
Effect of the Terror upon, 584.
Francis, Philip, made Councillor for India, iii. 144.
Probably wrote the Junius letters, 145.
Opposes Hastings, 148.
Accepts Nuncomar's testimony against him, 150.
Partially reconciled to Hastings, 168.
Objects to the arrangement with Impey, 173.
Challenges and is wounded by Hastings, 174.
Returns to England, 178.
Attacks Hastings in the House of Commons, 209.
Proposed as a manager of Hastings's impeachment, 221.
Franks, rapid decline of the, after the death of Charlemagne, ii. 680.
Frederic the Great, essay on, iii. 243-330.
Birth, 247.
Treatment by his father, 248.
Tastes, 250.
Acquaintance with Voltaire, 254.
Character as a king, 256.
Decides to seize Silesia, 259.
Invades it, 261.
Conduct at Molwitz, 263.
Makes peace with Austria, 267.
Joins France against England and Austria, 268.
His attention to the details of administration, 271.
Aggrandizement of the army, 273.
Parsimony, 274.
Liberality and justice, 275.
Commercial policy, 277.
His associates, 279.
His spite, 281.
Invites Voltaire to Berlin, 286.
Quarrels with him, 290.
European combination against, 294.
Personal dislike of, among sovereigns, 298.
His great danger, 299.
Alliance with England, 302.
Invades Saxony, 304.
And Bohemia, 305.
Driven back at Kolin, 307.
Extreme distress of, 308.
Further communication with Voltaire, 309.
Wins the battle of Rosbach, 313.
Of Leuthen, 314.
Tendency of Rosbach to unify Germany behind him, 316.
Worsts the Russians at Zorndorf, 318.
Attacked by the Pope, 322.
Beaten at Kunersdorf, 323.
Conquers at Lignitz and Torgau, 325.
Political changes to his advantage, 326.
Obtains peace, 328.
Frederic the Second, the Emperor, his qualities, i. 7.
Frederic William, Great Elector of Brandenburg, iii. 244.
Frederic William of Prussia, iii. 245.
Military establishment, 246.
Conduct to his children, 247.
Dies, 255.
Froissart quoted, ii. 7.
Fuller, on Lord Burleigh, ii. 66, 67.
Galway, Earl of, commander of the allies in Spain, ii. 158, 166, 171.
Defeated at Almanza, 172.
Ganges, the chief highway of Eastern commerce, ii. 700, 701.
Gentleman Dancing-Master, Wycherley's, iii. 69.
George I., transformation of English parties under, iii. 593.
His position at the beginning of his reign, 602, 603.
George II., his resentment against Chatham, ii. 255.
Compelled to accept him, 256.
His efforts for the protection of Hanover, 263, 264.
His relations with his ministers, 273-275.
Mixture of parties under, iii. 595.
Growth in popularity toward the close of his reign, 603.
George III., partial to Clive, ii. 756.
Sentiment of loyalty toward, at his accession, iii. 604.
Education, 606.
His speech not agreeable to the ministry, 611.
Dream of freedom on the accession of Bute, 622.
Determines never to submit to the Whigs, 633.
Harassed by Grenville, turns to Pitt, 640.
Resentment toward Grenville over the Regency Bill, 648.
Sends Cumberland to Pitt, 649.
Lectured by Grenville and Bedford, 652.
Makes Rockingham First Lord of the Treasury, 655.
Supported by the politicians called the king's friends, 660.
Tries to win Pitt over, 666.
Gibbon, Edward, why accused of being a Mohammedan, i. 697 and note.
A successful historian, ii. 284.
Gibraltar, capture of, by Sir George Rooke, ii. 158.
Giffard, Lady, sister of Sir William Temple, ii. 528, 529, 586, 597.
Gifford, Mr., the poet, admired by Byron, ii. 594.
Girondists, eminent men among, iii. 512.
Refuse to sanction any excesses, 514.
Oppose equivocally the king's execution, 515.
Accused of federalism, 519.
Their leaders condemned by Barère, 527.
Their trial, 531.
Executed, 532.
Gladstone, W. E., his book The State in its Relations with the Church, reviewed, ii. 600-669.
Quality of his mind, 603.
His grounds for the defence of the church, 605.
His doctrine that the duties of government are paternal, 609.
Specimen of his arguments, 610-613.
His argument that the profession of a national religion is imperative, 611, 613, 617.