Woman under Monasticism

984

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Thetford,’ vol. 4, p. 475.

985

Jessopp, A., Visitations of the Diocese of Norwich, 1492-1532, pp. 90, 155.

986

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Malling,’ vol. 3, p. 382; Gasquet, A., The Great Pestilence, 1893, pp. 104, 106.

987

Gasquet, p. 137.

988

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Wyrthorp,’ vol. 4, p. 266.

989

Ibid. ‘Seton,’ vol. 4, p. 226, charter nr 2.

990

Ibid. ‘St Sepulchre’s,’ vol. 4, p. 413, footnote l.

991

Way, A., ‘Notices of the Benedictine Priory of St Mary Magdalen at Rusper,’ Sussex Archæol. Collections, vol. 5, p. 244; Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Rusper,’ vol. 4, p. 586.

992

Blaauw, W. H., ‘Episcopal Visitations of the Priory of Easebourne,’ Sussex Archæol. Collections, vol. 9, pp. 1-32; Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Easebourn,’ vol. 4, p. 423.

993

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Sele,’ vol. 4, p. 668.

994

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘St John’s,’ vol. 6, p. 678.

995

Ibid. ‘Selbourne,’ vol. 6, p. 510.

996

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII. and the English Monasteries, 1888, vol. 1, p. 52.

997

Wilkins, D., Concilia, 1737, vol. 3, pp. 413, 419, 462.

998

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘St Albans,’ vol. 2, p. 205.

999

Wilkins, D., Concilia, 1737, vol. 3, p. 390.

1000

Ibid. 1737, vol. 3, p. 630.

1001

Ibid. Year 1490, vol. 3, p. 632. Froude without taking into consideration the circumstances under which this letter was penned takes its contents as conclusive evidence of the abuses of the monastic system at the time of the Reformation. Comp. History of England, 1893, vol. 2, p. 304; Life and Letters of Erasmus, 1894, p. 18.

1002

Newcome, P., History of the Abbacy of St Albans, 1793, p. 399.

1003

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘St Albans,’ vol. 2, p. 206, footnote c; ‘the Book of Ramryge,’ MS. Cotton. Nero D. VII.

1004

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘St Mary de Prée,’ vol. 3, p. 353, charter nr 9.

1005

Ibid. ‘Sopwell,’ vol. 3, p. 363.

1006

‘Land of Cockayne,’ in Early English Lives of Saints, etc., Philological Society, 1858, p. 156.

1007

‘Why I cannot be a nun,’ in Early English Lives of Saints, etc., Philological Society, 1858, p. 138.

1008

Comp. above, pp. 339, 377.

1009

Möhler, J. A., Kirchengeschichte, edit. 1867, vol. 2, pp. 612 ff.

1010

Comp. Leuckfeld, Antiquitates Bursfeldenses, 1713; Pez, Bibliotheca ascetica, vol. 8, nrs 6 ff.

1011

Discussed in Klemm, G. F., Die Frauen, vol. 4, p. 181, using Ordinarius preserved at Dresden (MS. L. 92).

1012

Busch, J., Liber de reformatione monasteriorum (written between 1470-1475), edit. Grube, 1887.

1013

Deutsche Allgemeine Biographie, article ‘Busch, Joh.’

1014

Busch, Liber de reformatione monasteriorum, ‘Derneburg,’ p. 588.

1015

Ibid. ‘Wennigsen,’ ‘Mariensee,’ ‘Werder’ pp. 555 ff.

1016

Busch, Liber de reformatione monasteriorum, ‘Wienhausen,’ p. 629.

1017

Ibid. ‘St Georg in Halle,’ p. 568.

1018

Ibid. ‘Heiningen,’ p. 600.

1019

Ibid. ‘Frankenberg,’ p. 607.

1020

Ibid. ‘Dorstad,’ p. 644.

1021

Ibid. ‘Neuwerk,’ p. 609.

1022

Ibid. ‘Fischbeck,’ p. 640.

1023

Ibid. ‘Marienberg,’ p. 618.

1024

Busch, Liber de reformatione monasteriorum, ‘Marienborn,’ ‘Stendal,’ p. 622.

1025

Ibid. pp. 664 ff.

1026

Ibid. pp. 659 ff.

1027

Remling, F. X., Urkundl. Geschichte der Abteien und Klöster in Rheinbayern, 1836, ‘Schönfeld,’ vol. 1, p. 165; ‘Ramsen,’ vol. 1, p. 263; ‘Kleinfrankenthal,’ vol. 2, p. 79.

1028

Marx, J., Geschichte des Erzstifts Trier, 1860, vol. 3, p. 466 (Benedictine nunneries, pp. 457-511, Cistercian nunneries, pp. 579-593).

1029

Brusch, C., Chronol. Mon. Germ., 1682, p. 508.

1030

Fabri, F., De Civitate Ulmensi, edit. Veesenmeyer, Liter. Verein, Stuttgart, 1889, pp. 180 ff.

1031

Fabri, F., De Civitate Ulmensi, pp. 202 ff.

1032

Jäger, A., Der Streit des Cardinals N. von Cusa mit dem Herzoge Sigmund von Oesterreich, 1861, 2 vols, (the struggle over Sonnenburg is in vol. 1).

1033

Ibid. vol. 1 (page references in the text throughout this section are to the above account).

1034

Jäger, A., Der Streit des Cardinals N. von Cusa etc., 1861, Vorwort, p. x.

1035

Tritheim, Opera pia et spiritualia, edit. Busaeus, 1604, ‘Orationes,’ pp. 840-916.

1036

Tritheim, Opera, etc., Epist. nr 3, p. 921 (written 1485).

1037

Geiler, Predigten Teutsch, 1508; Seelen-Paradies, 1510, etc.

1038

Information on those works of Butzbach which are not published is given in the second supplementary volume, pp. 439 ff. of Hutten, U. v., Opera, edit. Böcking, 1857.

1039

Wimpheling, Germania, transl. Martin, E., 1885, ch. 77.

1040

Erasmus, Colloquies, transl. Bailey, edit. Johnson, 1878, ‘The Virgin averse to Matrimony,’ vol. 1, p. 225.

1041

Erasmus, Colloquies, ‘The Penitent Virgin,’ vol. 1, p. 237.

1042

Ibid. ‘The Uneasy Wife,’ vol. 1, p. 241.

1043

Ibid. ‘The Young Man and Harlot,’ vol. 1, p. 291.

1044

Ibid. ‘The Lying-in Woman,’ vol. 1, p. 441.

1045

Erasmus, Colloquies, ‘The Assembly or Parliament of Women,’ vol. 2, p. 203.

1046

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘St Radegund’s,’ vol. 4, p. 215, charter nr 3.

1047

Gasquet, F. A., Henry VIII and the English Monasteries, 1888, vol. 1, p. 62.

1048

At a meeting of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society (reported in the Academy, Feb. 23, 1895), Mr T. D. Atkinson read a paper on ‘The Conventual Buildings of the priory of St Radegund,’ illustrated by a plan showing such of the college buildings as were probably monastic, and also the position of some foundations discovered in the previous summer. According to this paper the present cloister occupies the same position as that of the nuns, and the conventual church was converted into a college chapel by Alcock. The college hall which is upstairs is the old refectory, the rooms below being very likely used as butteries, as they still are. The present kitchen is probably on the site of the old monastic kitchen, and very likely the rooms originally assigned to the Master are those which had been occupied by the prioress. Further details of arrangement were given about the dormitory, the chapter house, the calefactory and common-room, etc., from which we gather that the men who occupied the nunnery buildings, put these to much the same uses as they had served before.

1049

Fiddes, ‘Life of Card. Wolsey,’ 1726, Collect., p. 100.

1050

Ibid. p. 99.

1051

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Bromhall,’ vol. 4, p. 506.

1052

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Lillechurch,’ vol. 4, p. 379, footnote e.

1053

Gairdner, J., Letters and papers of the reign of Henry VIII, Rolls Series, vol. 10, Preface, p. 43, footnote, and nr 890.

1054

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘St Frideswith’s,’ vol. 2, p. 138. Fiddes, ‘Life of Card. Wolsey,’ 1726, Collect., p. 95.

1055

Wilkins, D., Concilia, 1737, ‘Bull’ (Sept. 1524), vol. 3, p. 703; ‘Breve regium,’ ibid. p. 705.

1056

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘St Frideswith’s,’ vol. 2, p. 138, footnote x.

1057

Ibid. ‘Wykes,’ vol. 4, p. 513; ‘Littlemore,’ vol. 4, p. 490, nr 12.

1058

Rymer, Foedera, ‘Bulla pro monasteriis supprimendis,’ vol. 6, p. 116; ‘Bulla pro uniendis monasteriis,’ p. 137.

1059

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII and the English Monasteries, 1888, vol. 1, pp. 101 ff.

1060

Blunt, The Reformation of the Church of England, 1882, vol. 1, p. 92, footnote, says that the lady in question was ‘Eleanor the daughter of Cary who had lately married (Anne’s) sister Margaret.’

1061

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Wilton,’ vol. 2, p. 317, gives the correspondence. The abbess who succeeded to Isabel Jordan was probably Cecil Bodman or Bodenham, of whom more p. 441.

1062

Fish, S., ‘A Supplicacyon for the Beggers,’ republished Early Engl. Text Soc., 1871.

1063

More, Th., ‘The Supplycacyon of Soulys,’ 1529 (?).

1064

Wright, Th., Three chapters of letters on the Suppression (Camden Soc., 1843), nrs 6-11.

1065

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII and the English Monasteries, vol. 1, pp. 110-150.

1066

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 8, Preface, pp. 33 ff.

1067

Wilkins, D., Concilia, 1737, vol. 3, p. 755.

1068

Dict. of Nat. Biography, article ‘Legh, Sir Thomas.’

1069

Wright, Three chapters etc., p. 56.

1070

Gairdner, J., Letters etc., vol. 9, nr 139.

1071

Ibid. Preface, p. 20.

1072

Ibid. vol. 9, nr 280.

1073

Gasquet, Henry VIII etc., vol. 1, p. 273.

1074

Wright, Three chapters of letters, p. 55.

1075

Gasquet, Henry VIII etc., vol. 1, p. 276; Ellis, H., Original Letters, Series 3, vol. 3, p. 11, says that after resigning at Little Marlow she became abbess at Malling.

1076

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Little Marlow,’ vol. 4, p. 419; ‘Ankerwyke,’ vol. 4, p. 229.

1077

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 9, nr 1075 (her house is unknown).

1078

Ellis, H., Original Letters, Series 1, vol. 2, p. 91.

1079

Wright, Three chapters etc., p. 74.

1080

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 9, nr 357.

1081

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 9, nr 732.

1082

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 1, p. 293.

1083

Wright, Three chapters etc., p. 107.

1084

Ibid. p. 114; Gasquet, Henry VIII etc., vol. 1, p. 303.

1085

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 10, nr 364.

1086

Wright, Three chapters etc., p. 91.

1087

Ellis, H., Original Letters, Series 3, vol. 3, p. 38.

1088

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Harwold,’ vol. 6, p. 330.

1089

Ellis, H., Original Letters, speaks of the image of Our Lady of Caversham which was plated all over with silver, Series 1, vol. 2, p. 79; of that of St Modwen of Burton on Trent with her red cowl and staff, Series 3, vol. 3, p. 104; of the ‘huge and great image’ of Darvellgathern held in great veneration in Wales, Series 1, vol. 2, p. 82; and of others, which were brought to London and burnt.

1090

Wright, Three chapters etc., p. 116.

1091

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, p. 47.

1092

Ibid. Appendix 1.

1093

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 9, nr 1094.

1094

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, App. 1.

1095

Wright, Three chapters etc., p. 139.

1096

Ellis, H., Orig. Letters, Series 3, vol. 3, p. 37.

1097

Ibid. p. 116.

1098

Ibid. p. 39.

1099

Wright, Three chapters etc., p. 129.

1100

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 10, nr 383 (1536).

1101

Wright, Three chapters etc., p. 136.

1102

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, App. 1.

1103

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘St Mary’s,’ vol. 2, p. 451, charter nr 4.

1104

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, App. 1.

1105

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc. vol. 11, nr 385 (20).

1106

Ibid. (22, 23, 35).

1107

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Chatteris,’ vol. 2, p. 614, calls her ‘Anne Gayton.’

1108

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers, vol. 11, nr 519 (11); nr 1217 (26).

1109

Ibid. vol. 10, nr 364.

1110

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, p. 206; Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 10, Preface, p. 46.

1111

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Dennis,’ vol. 6, p. 1549.

1112

Ellis, H., Orig. Letters, Series 3, vol. 3, p. 117.

1113

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, p. 203.

1114

Ibid. vol. 2, pp. 449 ff.

1115

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 11, nr 42.

1116

Ibid. vol. 11, Preface, p. 12.

1117

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, pp. 84 ff.

1118

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vols. 11, 12.

1119

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Seton,’ vol. 4, p. 226.

1120

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, p. 340.

1121

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 12, pt 2, nr 27.

1122

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, p. 279.

1123

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 13, pt 1, nr 1115 (19), nr 1519 (44).

1124

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, p. 222.

1125

Gairdner, J., Letters and Papers etc., vol. 10, nr 364.

1126

Ibid. vol. 13, pt 1, nr 235.

1127

Ellis, H., Orig. Letters, Series 3, vol. 3.

1128

Wright, Three chapters etc., p. 229.

1129

Wright, Three chapters etc., p. 227.

1130

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, p. 225.

1131

Ibid. 456.

1132

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘St Mary’s,’ vol. 2, p. 451; Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, p. 476.

1133

Dugdale, Monasticon, ‘Wherwell,’ vol. 2, p. 634.

1134

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, p. 481.

1135

Ibid. p. 479.

1136

Ellis, H., Orig. Letters, Series 3, vol. 3, p. 34, gives an interesting account.

1137

Lindesay, Ane Satyre of the thrie Estaits, edit, by Hall for the Early Engl. Text Soc., 1869, pp. 420 ff.

1138

Gasquet, A., Henry VIII etc., vol. 2, p. 221.

1139

Fuller, Th., Church History, edit. Brewer, 1845, vol. 3, p. 336.

1140

Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, 1878, pp. 14 ff.

1141

Ibid. pp. 67 ff.

1142

Nider, Jos., Formicarius, bk. 1, ch. 4 (p. 8, edit. 1517).

1143

Muench, E., Charitas Pirkheimer, ihre Schwestern und Nichten, 1826, contains some of Clara’s letters.

1144

Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 67.

1145

‘Briefe der Aebtissin Sabina,’ edit. Lochner in Zeitschrift für hist. Theologie, vol. 36, 1866.

1146

Pirckheimer, B., Opera, edit. Goldast, 1610, p. 345; Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 52.

1147

Pirckheimer, Opera, edit. Goldast, 1610, p. 341; Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 81.

1148

Pirckheimer, Opera, p. 343; Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 84.

1149

Pirckheimer, Opera, p. 342; Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 85.

1150

Pirckheimer, Opera, p. 344; Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 87.

1151

Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 88.

1152

Ibid. p. 220, note 26.

1153

Pirckheimer, Opera, p. 340; Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 89.

1154

Born in Venice in 1465, was acquainted both with Latin and Greek, and studied history, philosophy and theology. She disputed at Padua in public, wrote several learned treatises, and was much admired and esteemed.

1155

Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 96.

1156

Pirckheimer, Opera, p. 230; Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 55.

1157

Pirckheimer, Opera, p. 344; Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 58.

1158

Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 65, footnote.

1159

Ibid. p. 66.

1160

Pirckheimer, Opera, p. 247; Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 61.

1161

Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 62

1162

Ibid. p. 35.

1163

Thausing, M., Dürer’s Briefe etc., 1872, p. 167.

1164

Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 105.

1165

Eyn Missyve oder Sendbrief etc., 1523.

1166

Pirckheimer, Opera, p. 375.

1167

‘Pirkheimer, Charitas’: Denkwürdigkeiten aus dem Reformationszeitalter, herausg. Höfler, C., Quellensammlung für fränk. Geschichte, vol. 4, 1852 (page references in the text to this edition).

1168

Muench, E., Charitas Pirckheimer etc., 1826, p. 104.

1169

Binder, F., Charitas Pirckheimer, p. 125, from an unpublished letter.

1170

Muench, E., Charitas Pirckheimer etc., p. 110.

1171

Ibid., p. 118 (on a letter written to Nützel).

1172

Muench, E., Charitas Pirckheimer etc., p. 106.

1173

Ibid. p. 109.

1174

Pirckheimer, Opera, p. 374.

1175

Muench, E., Charitas Pirckheimer etc., p. 108.

1176

Binder, F., Charitas Pirckheimer, p. 118.

1177

Ibid. p. 150, from an unpublished letter.

1178

Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 153.

1179

Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 161.

1180

‘Briefe der Aebtissin Sabina,’ edit. Lochner in Zeitschrift für hist. Theologie, vol. 36, 1866, pp. 542, 545.

1181

Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, pp. 183 ff.

1182

Pirckheimer, Opera, ‘Oratio apologetica,’ pp. 375-385; Binder, F., Charitas Pirkheimer, p. 198.