The Foundations of the Origin of Species

See Hooker’s Lecture on Insular Floras in the Gardeners’ Chronicle, Jan. 1867.

366

In the margin the author has written “(Forbes).” This may have been inserted at a date later than 1844, or it may refer to a work by Forbes earlier than his Alpine paper.

367

See Origin, Ed. i. p. 367, vi. p. 517.

368

«Note in original.» Perhaps vitality checked by cold and so prevented germinating. «On the carriage of seeds by icebergs, see Origin, Ed. i. p. 363, vi. p. 513.»

369

A note by the author gives “many authors” apparently as authority for this statement.

370

Opposite to this passage, in the margin, the author has written: – “too hypothetical.”

371

The Cordillera is described as supplying a great line of invasion in the Origin, Ed. i. p. 378.

372

This is an approximation to the author’s views on trans-tropical migration (Origin, Ed. i. pp. 376-8). See Thiselton-Dyer’s interesting discussion in Darwin and Modern Science, p. 304.

373

See Hooker’s Lecture on Insular Floras in the Gardeners’ Chronicle, Jan. 1867.

374

«Note by the author.» Similarity of flora of coral islands easily explained.

375

On centres of creation see Origin, Ed. i. p. 352, vi. p. 499.

376

In the Journal of Researches, Ed. 1860, p. 124, the distribution of the Bizcacha is described as limited by the river Uruguay. The case is not I think given in the Origin.

377

In the Origin, Ed. i. a special section (p. 356, vi. p. 504) is devoted to Means of Dispersal. The much greater prominence given to this subject in the Origin is partly accounted for by the author’s experiments being of later date, i. e. 1855 (Life and Letters, vol. II. p. 53). The carriage of fish by whirlwinds is given in the Origin, Ed. i. p. 384, vi. p. 536.

378

The case of islands serving as halting places is given in the Origin, Ed. i. p. 357, vi. p. 505. But here the evidence of this having occurred is supposed to be lost by the subsidence of the islands, not merely by the extinction of the species.

379

“We find no inexplicable cases of the same mammal inhabiting distant points of the world.” Origin, Ed. i. p. 352, vi. p. 500. See also Origin, Ed. i. p. 393, vi. p. 547.

380

«Note by the author.» Many authors. «See Origin, Ed. i. p. 394, vi. p. 547.»

381

Nutria is the Spanish for otter, and is now a synonym for Lutra. The otter on the Atlantic coast is distinguished by minute differences from the Pacific species. Both forms are said to take to the sea. In fact the case presents no especial difficulties.

382

In Origin, Ed. i. p. 394, vi. p. 548, bats are mentioned as an explicable exception to this statement.

383

This reference is doubtless to Mydaus, a badger-like animal from the mountains of Java and Sumatra (Wallace, Geographical Distribution, ii. p. 199). The instance does not occur in the Origin but the author remarks (Origin, Ed. i. p. 376, vi. p. 527) that cases, strictly analogous to the distribution of plants, occur among terrestrial mammals.

384

See Origin, Ed. i. p. 313, vi. p. 454.

385

The comparison between New Zealand and the Cape is given in the Origin, Ed. i. p. 389, vi. p. 542.

386

In a corresponding discussion in the Origin, Ed. i. p. 393, vi. p. 546, stress is laid on the distribution of Batrachians not of reptiles.

387

The whole argument is given – more briefly than here – in the Origin, Ed. i. p. 394, vi. p. 547.

388

See Origin, Ed i. p. 393, vi. p. 547. The discussion is much fuller in the present Essay.

389

See Origin, Ed. i. p. 339, vi. p. 485.

390